The article studies how motherhood is related to the working behavior of women in a mountain environment in Nepal. In many societies, women play a dual role: they contribute to the subsistence economy and they are primarily responsible for childcare. The study is based on two ethnic groups - the Tamang and Kami in the village of Salme, Nuwakot district, Nepal, which is situated at 1870 meters in the middle hills of central Nepal. The author writes that an examination of the position of women in Salme reveals a fairly clear cultural and occupational differentiation between the Tamang and the Kami. The determining factor in the pattern of their work and maternity is neither gender nor physical environment, which they share, but the combination of ethnically specific division of labor and cultural inheritance. (Rajeev Ranjan Singh 2007-02-04)