This chapter, from the book Healing images : The Role of Imagination in Health, takes a broad look at the use of imagery in across cultures from ancient times to the present. The author discusses the use of imagery in the Jewish, Christian, Islamic, Hindu, and Buddhist traditions, including the use of images in shamanic practices, Tibetan medicine, and Hindu-Buddhist yoga. The author also provides an outline of the history of the use of images for the purpose of healing in the Western contexts, including an overview of the modern therapeutic uses of imagery from the begining of the twentieth century to the present. Modern psychotherapeutic approaches discussed look at the use of imagery based on ideas of behavioral (Pavlovian and Skinnerian), humanistic, psychoanalytic, and transpersonal psychology. Also discussed is "depth" imagery and the use of imagery for treatment of emotional and physical problems. (Zach Rowinski 2004-12-28)